CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background to the Study
Environmental
pollution is a problem both in developed and developing countries which Nigeria
is not left out. Factors such as population growth and urbanization invariably
place greater demands on the environment and
stretch the use of natural resources to the maximum. Such overuse of natural
resources often results in nature’s degradation.
Remarkable
environmental problems and issues are gradually increasing around the world
with higher frequency from strong typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones and other
extreme events including pollution, floods, landslides, droughts etc.
Therefore, there is a growing demand from the public for more and more
information on environmental issues and a great link between awareness or
knowledge and action. It is shown that environment and environmental news and
information are salient and prominent topic of the public and elites
discussion. Hence, mass media plays a significant role in covering news and
information on environmental incidences, issues and problems (Pompper, 2004).
Explicitly,
news reports play an important role in shaping the public’s perceptions of the
government's efforts to address the environmental issues and resolve the
environmental problems. The media not only reports on the environmental related
events, but also lets people know how officials respond and what to do to protect
themselves from environmental problems. The media also helps to keep people informed
about the day-to-day progress of efforts to protect the environment, recycling programs
and efforts to conserve natural resources.
This
is how the public educates through mass media. The mass media play a role as a
channel and means for environmental education of people in the world (Hoerisch,
2002). Among the mass media, newspaper takes an important place in disseminating
information, shape perceptions and create awareness and thus, catalyze
environmental actions.
In
general term, ‘environment’ is a “concept which includes all aspects of the
surroundings of humanity, affecting individuals and social groupings” (Gilpin,
2006). The ‘environment’ or ‘natural environment’ is all of those non-human,
natural surroundings within which human beings exist and which are prerequisite
for their further evolution.’
Environment
can be categorized as one of the most important significant factors wielding
influence on development's possibilities. The major environmental problems such
as deforestation, water pollution, air pollution, loss of fertile soil, solid
waste disposal etc. are related to human activities and development. Significantly,
there is an inseparable relationship between environment and development of the
environment.
National
governments as well have taken steps to increase the level of awareness and
attention paid to problems of air and, water pollution, deforestation,
desertification, green-house gas emission, global warming, climate change, e.t.c
through mass media.
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